Marco Kroon | |
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Marco Kroon taking the knighthood oath during the presentation ceremony of the Military William Order on 29 May 2009 |
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Born | 15 July 1970 Den Bosch |
Allegiance | Netherlands |
Service/branch | Royal Netherlands Army |
Years of service | 1989–present |
Rank | Captain |
Unit | Korps Commandotroepen |
Battles/wars | Operation Provide Comfort Bosnian War Afghanistan War |
Awards | Military William Order, Knight 4th class |
Captain Marinus Johannes "Marco" Kroon, RMWO (Den Bosch, 15 July 1970) is a Dutch soldier serving with the Korps Commandotroepen. Kroon is a Knight of the Military William Order (MWO) and the first new member of this very exclusive Order in over half a century.[1] The Military William Order is the highest honour in the Netherlands, bestowed for "performing excellent acts of Bravery, Leadership and Loyalty in battle".[2]
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Kroon was born in Den Bosch and graduated high school there in 1989, at the Sint-Janslyceum. He still lives in Den Bosch with his girlfriend who runs a café. Besides his full-time job in the military, Kroon often helps her with her work.
Kroon also graduated from the Koninklijke Militaire School (Royal Military School, which trains NCO's) in Weert, and from the Koninklijke Militaire Academie (Royal Military Academy, which trains officers) in Breda.
After graduating from high school in 1989, Kroon started his military career as a marine in the Royal Netherlands Marine Corps. In 1991 he was dispatched for Operation Provide Comfort, a humanitarian operation for Kurds in northern Iraq. After this he was transferred for a year to the Marine Barracks Savaneta in Aruba. In 1993 he was sent out a second time as assistant section leader in a Marine platoon for the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) in Cambodia.
After this mission in Cambodia he transferred to the Army where he started training for a position as an NCO at the Koninklijke Militaire School in Weert. After graduating he became squad leader at the 17th Armoured Infantry Battalion in Oirschot. With this unit he left for a mission in Bosnia for six months leading an infantry group.
In 1998 he transferred to the Korps Commandotroepen (Corps of Commando Troops) in Roosendaal. After successfully earning his Green Beret he fulfilled a management position in the corps. In 2000 he once again left for Bosnia, this time as a member of the Joint Commissioned Observer mission. After this mission he left again for the Koninklijke Militaire Academie (Royal Military Academy) in Breda, to become an officer. After graduation he returned to his unit, the 17th Armoured Infantry Battalion, and left for Bosnia for the third time, now as platoon commander, in the Stabilization Force (SFOR) mission.
In 2004 he returned to the Special Forces in Roosendaal as platoon commander at the 108th Commando Company. Here he had several management positions and was dispatched once again to Iraq in 2004 for mission Stabilisation Force Iraq and three times to Afghanistan (2005, 2006 en 2007).
Kroon is currently a staff officer at the intelligence centre of the special forces, training other commandos, testing equipment and tactical procedures.
From March 2006 to August 2006 Kroon, while still a lieutenant, was dispatched to the Afghan province of Uruzgan. His job, as platoon commander of the Dutch special forces unit "Viper", was to perform reconnaissance and to map out the area so Task Force Uruzgan could be established. During this period he distinguished himself by performing exceptional deeds during six extremely dangerous actions. These actions were performed during ISAF patrols of the Dutch Viper-unit and an Australian Special Air Service Regiment platoon.
One of these actions was Operation Chitag (13–14 July 2006). During the patrol Kroon encountered a group of Taliban soldiers. In the resulting battle, while heavily outnumbered, he was forced to request air support on his own position by a Lockheed AC-130 gunship aircraft; he ordered his men to take cover and with his Forward Air Controller (FAC) guided the American air attack. At such close quarters, however, it was also a harrowing experience for Kroon and his FAC. Later, his platoon was forced to take cover in an Afghan house and swatted a number of attacks during the night on their position. No men fell under Kroon's command; the resulting Taliban losses were severe.[3] During daylight Kroon and his men emerged to retrieve intelligence from the deceased Taliban soldiers to establish their identity. Kroon straightened his men out after noticing his men's agitation and inclination towards unprofessional behaviour and subsequently ordered the wounded to be treated and the dead to be covered. In an interview, he later said that he understood the behaviour of his men but felt, as a leader, responsible to ensure the platoon acted professionally. His leadership and ability to correct a battle-hardened group of commandos was later commended by his superiors.[4]
These actions and his general behaviour as a leader were the reason both his subordinates and superiors recommended him for the award. After three years of research by the Ministry of Defence, it recommended to Her Majesty Queen Beatrix that Kroon be awarded the Military William Order for his bravery shown during commando actions in Uruzgan.[5] Kroon was made a Knight 4th class of the Military William Order on 29 May 2009 by Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands. It was the first time in 54 years the honour was awarded to an individual.[6]
In January 2010, Kroon and his girlfriend (aged 34) were named in a drugs case in The Netherlands.[7] According to publications he was suspected of possession of drugs and of violating the gun law. A police investigation, which was sustained after two interrogations, was said to be focusing on the café named café Vinny's that he was running in the town of Den Bosch.[8][9] The patrons were suspected of using cocaine in the café.[10] The Koninklijke Marechaussee (Dutch military police) and the Public Prosecutor confirmed the suspicion.[11][12][13] The investigations in the case started in October 2009 and in December 2009, four other suspects had been arrested.[14][15]
Kroon and his lawyer Geert-Jan Knoops denied all accusations and announced their own investigation.[16][17][18][19][20] According to Kroon, he is the victim of defamation. He points out that he received several anonymous mails with threats, one of them saying: "From hero to zero".[21][22][23][24][25]
According to two sources, the Dutch Ministry of Defense was aware of the alleged reputation of Kroon's pub before he received his award for bravery in Afghanistan.[26][27] The source of the accusations was believed to be an unmentioned police informer.[28]
The publications on the suspicion of Kroon not only led to comments on the legitimacy of his award and speculations as to his professional position, but also to criticism directed at the mentioning of his full name by the press, which is uncommon in The Netherlands in crime reporting as it is considered to be an infringement of a suspect's personal privacy, related to the presumption of innocence.[29][30][31]
In March 2010, Kroons lawyer told a Dutch television programme that Kroon actually wanted his bar to be drugs-free and that he had thrown customers out who did not respect this policy.[32]
On 20 September 2010, the Office of the Attorney General officially announced that Kroon would be prosecuted and was suspected of 'possession and provision of some (in the Netherlands illegal) electroshock weapons and possession of small quantities of hard drugs for personal use'.
The trial was held before the military panel of the Arnhem court, which consists of two professional judges of the Arnhem court of which one presides the panel, and one general officer who does not belong to the judiciary. It started on 29 November 2010.[33][34] Court hearings were held on 4, 5, 11 and 12 April 2011 in Arnhem.[35][36] The verdict of the military panel of the Arnhem court was on 22 April 2011.[37] Kroon was sentenced a EUR 750 fine and a conditional 80 hours of community service for possession and provision of electroshock weapons. Kroon was acquitted on the drugs related charges.[38][39] Kroon will not be dismissed from the military (this would be the case if he had been convicted for using hard drugs; the Dutch Ministry of Defence has a strict no-drugs policy).[40] Furthermore, Kroon will keep his knighthood; revocation only occurs if sentenced to prison for more than one year.[40][41] The Dutch Ministry of Defense reported that it perused the verdict and will wait out the period in which the Office of the Attorney General or Kroon can appeal the verdict.[42] Kroon announced that he would voluntarily resign his knighthood if he was convicted for drugs related charges by the appellate court.[43] On 2 May 2011 the Office of the Attorney General refrained to seek an appeal.[44] Immediately after the legal procedure ending the Dutch Ministry of Defence announced they will consult Kroon in the near future regarding his career wishes and possibilities. Such consultations and consequent posting changes are normal procedure for all Dutch military personnel. According to his lawyer, Kroon aspires a new military mission, this after his current administrative posting.[45]